The Social Metabolism of Spanish Agriculture, 1900-2008 : The Mediterranean Way Towards Industrialization.
- 1st ed.
- 1 online resource (296 pages)
- Environmental History Series ; v.10 .
- Environmental History Series .
Intro -- Introduction -- References -- Contents -- 1 Agrarian Metabolism: The Metabolic Approach Applied to Agriculture -- 1.1 Agriculture and Social Metabolism: The Metabolism of Agroecosystems -- 1.2 Funds and Flows in Agrarian Metabolism -- 1.3 The Appropriation of Biomass and Colonization of the Territory. Biophysical Funds (Land and Livestock) -- 1.4 Social Fund Elements (Human Work and Technical Means of Production) -- 1.5 The Organization and Dynamics of Agrarian Metabolism -- 1.6 The Forces of Change -- 1.7 Sources and Methods -- 1.7.1 The Specificities of Agrarian Matabolism -- 1.7.2 Scale and Bounderies of the Study -- 1.7.3 Sources of Information -- References -- 2 Agricultural Output: From Crop Specialization to Livestocking, 1900-2008 -- 2.1 Traditional Historiographical Narrative of Agricultural Transformations During the Twentieth Century -- 2.2 The Evolution of Land Uses -- 2.3 Evolution of Actual Net primary Productivity -- 2.4 Evolution of Domestic Extraction -- 2.5 The Specialization of Spain's Agricultural Production -- 2.6 Spanish Livestock in the Twentieth Century -- 2.7 Livestock Production -- 2.8 An Overview of Spanish Agriculture Industrialization -- References -- 3 Agricultural Inputs and Their Energy Costs 1900-2010 -- 3.1 Comments on Methodology -- 3.2 Mechanical Traction -- 3.2.1 Machinery -- 3.2.2 Fuels -- 3.3 Irrigation -- 3.3.1 Irrigation Systems -- 3.3.2 Installed Mechanical Power -- 3.3.3 Fuels -- 3.3.4 Electricity -- 3.4 Fertilizers -- 3.5 Crop Protection -- 3.5.1 Pesticides -- 3.5.2 Greenhouses -- 3.6 Use of Inputs in the Agricultural Sector (Imports) -- References -- 4 Decreasing Income and Reproductive Problems of the Agricultural Population -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The Agricultural Population During the First Half of the Twentieth Century. 4.3 An Estimate of the Agricultural Sector's Macromagnitudes (1950-2008) -- 4.4 The Agricultural Population and Changing Living Standards -- 4.5 The State of the Agricultural Population -- 4.6 Changes in Farm Structures -- 4.7 Breakdown of Agricultural Income and Coverage of Household Expenditure -- 4.8 Conclusions -- References -- 5 Environmental Impacts of Spanish Agriculture's Industrialization -- 5.1 Functioning of the Agroecosystem -- 5.2 The Energy Efficiency of Agricultural Production -- 5.3 State of the Components of the Land Fund Element -- 5.3.1 Soil -- 5.3.2 Replacement of Organic Carbon -- 5.3.3 Biodiversity -- 5.4 A Diet Rich in Food of Animal Origin: The Outsourcing of Its Land Costs -- References -- 6 The Metabolism of Spanish Agriculture -- 6.1 The Agrarian Sector in the Metabolism of the Spanish Economy -- 6.2 Foreign Trade and Domestic Consumption of Biomass -- 6.3 The Main Indicators of Agrarian Metabolism -- 6.4 The Pace of Intensification and Specialization (I + S) -- 6.5 The Drivers of I + S -- 6.5.1 Supply Side Drivers of I + S -- 6.5.2 Demand Side Drivers of I + S -- 6.6 Conclusions -- References -- Epilogue -- References -- I Calculation of the Physical Production Series of Spanish Agriculture -- A.1.1 Sources and Methodological Decisions to Calculate the Domestic Extraction of Vegetal Biomass -- A.1.2 The Reliability of Livestock Censuses -- A.1.3 Adjusting Spanish Livestock in the First Third of the Twentieth Century -- I.1 References -- II Historical Evolution of the Spanish Agrarian Metabolism and the Spanish Economy Metabolism -- A.2.1 Historical Evolution of the Spanish Agrarian Metabolism -- A.2.2 Historical Evolution of Spanish Economy Metabolism.