1. Development and nature of trusts -- 2. Formalities for the creation of trusts -- 3. The three certainties -- 4. Constitution of trusts -- 5. Secret trusts and mutual wills -- 6. Resulting trusts -- 7. Constructive trusts -- 8. Non-charitable purpose trusts -- 9. Charitable trusts -- 10. Appointment, retirement, and removal of trustees -- 11. Duties of trustees -- 12. Powers of trustees -- 13. Variation of trusts -- 14. Remedies for breach of trust -- 15. Offshore trust derivatives and affiliates -- 16. Settlor control, forced heirship and asset protection : continuing issues of the offshore trust regime -- 17. Alternatives to the offshore trust : the foundation -- 18. Confidentiality and the regulation of trust activity 19. Trusts and taxation.