BASIC STATISTICS FOR BUSINESS & ECONOMICS /  Douglas A. Lind; William G. Marchal; Samuel A. Wathen.

What Is Statistics? --
Introduction --
Why Study Statistics? --
What Is Meant by Statistics? --
Types of Statistics --
Descriptive Statistics --
Inferential Statistics --
Types of Variables --
Levels of Measurement --
Nominal-Level Data --
Ordinal-Level Data --
Interval-Level Data --
Ratio-Level Data --
Exercises --
Statistics, Graphics, and Ethics --
Misleading Statistics --
Association Does Not Necessarily Imply Causation --
Graphs Can Be Misleading --
Become a Better Consumer and a Better Producer of Information --
Ethics --
Software Applications --
Chapter Outline --
Chapter Exercises --
Exercises.com --
Dataset Exercises --
Answers to Self-Review --
Describing Data: Frequency Distributions and Graphic Presentation --
Introduction --
Constructing a Frequency Distribution --
ClassIntervals and Class Midpoints --
A Software Example --
Relative Frequency Distribution --
Exercises --
Graphic Presentation of a Frequency Distribution --
Histogram --
Frequency Polygon --
Exercises --
Cumulative Frequency Distributions --
Exercises --
Other Graphic Presentations of Data --
Line Graphs --
Bar Charts --
Pie Charts --
Exercises --
Chapter Outline --
Chapter Exercises --
Exercises.com --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
Describing Data: Numerical Measures --
Introduction --
The Population Mean --
The Sample Mean --
Properties of the Arithmetic Mean --
Exercises --
The Weighted Mean --
Exercises --
The Median --
The Mode --
Exercises --
Software Solution --
The Relative Positions of the Mean, Median, and Mode --
Exercises --
The Geometric Mean --
Exercises --
Why Study Dispersion? --
Measures of Dispersion --
Range --
Mean Deviation --
Exercises --
Variance and Standard Deviation --
Exercises --
Software Solution --
Exercises --
Interpretation and Uses of the Standard Deviation --
Chebyshev's Theorem --
The Empirical Rule --
Exercises --
Chapter Outline --
Pronunciation Key --
Chapter Exercises --
Exercises.com --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
Describing Data: Displaying and Exploring Data --
Introduction --
Dot Plots --
Exercises --
Quartiles, Deciles, and Percentiles --
Exercises --
Box Plots --
Exercises --
Skewness --
Exercises --
Describing the Relationship between Two Variables --
Exercises --
Chapter Outline --
Pronunciation Key --
Chapter Exercises --
Exercises.com --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
A Survey of Probability Concepts --
Introduction --
What Is a Probability? --
Approaches to Assigning Probabilities --
Classical Probability --
Empirical Probability --
Subjective Probability --
Exercises --
Some Rules for Computing Probabilities --
Rules of Addition --
Exercises --
Rules of Multiplication --
Contingency Tables --
Tree Diagrams --
Exercises --
Principles of Counting --
The Multiplication Formula --
The Permutation Formula --
The Combination Formula --
Exercises --
Chapter Outline --
Pronunciation Key --
Chapter Exercises --
Exercises.com --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
Discrete Probability Distributions --
Introduction --
What Is a Probability Distribution? --
Random Variables --
Discrete Random Variable --
Continuous Random Variable --
The Mean, Variance, and Standard Deviation of a Probability Distribution --
Mean --
Variance and Standard Distribution --
Exercises --
Binomial Probability Distribution --
How Is a Binomial Probability Distribution Computed --
Binomial Probability Tables --
Exercises --
Cumulative Binomial Probability Distributions --
Exercises --
Poisson Probability Distribution --
Exercises --
Chapter Outline --
Chapter Exercises --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
Continuous Probability Distributions --
Introduction --
The Family of Uniform Distributions --
Exercises --
The Family of Normal Probability Distributions --
The Standard Normal Distribution --
The Empirical Rule --
Exercises --
Finding Areas under the Normal Curve --
Exercises --
Exercises --
Exercises --
Chapter Outline --
Chapter Exercises --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
Sampling Methods and the Central Limit Theorem --
Introduction --
Sampling Methods --
Reasons to Sample --
Simple Random Sampling --
Systematic Random Sampling --
Stratified Random Sampling --
Cluster Sampling --
Exercises --
Sampling "Error" --
Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean --
Exercises --
The Central Limit Theorem --
Exercises --
Using the Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean --
Exercises --
Chapter Outline --
Pronunciation Key --
Chapter Exercises --
Exercises.com --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
Estimation and Confidence Intervals --
Introduction --
Point Estimates and Confidence Intervals --
Known (sigma) or a Large Sample --
A Computer Simulation --
Exercises --
Unknown Population Standard Deviation and a Small Sample --
Exercises --
A Confidence Interval for a Proportion --
Exercises --
Finite-Population Correction Factor --
Exercises --
Choosing an Appropriate Sample Size --
Exercises --
Chapter Outline. Pronunciation Key --
Chapter Exercises --
Exercises.com --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
One-Sample Tests of Hypothesis --
Introduction --
What Is a Hypothesis? --
What Is Hypothesis Testing? --
Five-Step Procedure for Testing a Hypothesis --
State the Null Hypothesis (H(subscript --
Select a Level of Significance --
Select the Test Statistic --
Formulate the Decision Rule --
Make a Decision --
One-Tailed and Two-Tailed Tests of Significance --
Testing for a Population Mean with a Known Population Standard Deviation --
A Two-Tailed Test --
A One-Tailed Test --
P-Value in Hypothesis Testing --
Testing for a Population Mean: Large Sample, Population Standard Deviation Unknown --
Exercises --
Tests Concerning Proportions --
Exercises --
Testing for a Population Mean: Small Sample, Population Standard Deviation Unknown --
Exercises --
A Software Solution --
Exercises --
Chapter Outline --
Pronunciation Key --
Chapter Exercises --
Exercises.com --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
Two-Sample Tests of Hypothesis --
Introduction --
Two-Sample Tests of Hypothesis: Independent Samples --
Exercises --
Two-Sample Tests about Proportions --
Exercises --
Comparing Population Means with Small Samples --
Exercises --
Two-Sample Tests of Hypothesis: Dependent Samples --
Comparing Dependent and Independent Samples --
Exercises --
Chapter Outline --
Pronunciation Key --
Chapter Exercises --
Exercises.com --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
Analysis of Variance --
Introduction --
The F Distribution --
Comparing Two Population Variances --
Exercises --
ANOVA Assumptions --
The ANOVA Test --
Exercises --
Inferences about Pairs of Treatment Means --
Exercises --
Chapter Outline --
Pronunciation Key --
Chapter Exercises --
Exercises.com --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
Linear Regression and Correlation --
Introduction --
What Is Correlation Analysis? --
The Coefficient of Correlation --
The Coefficient of Determination --
Correlation and Cause --
Exercises --
Testing the Significance of the Correlation Coefficient --
Exercises --
Regression Analysis --
Least Squares Principle --
Drawing the Line of Regression --
Exercises --
The Standard Error of Estimate --
Assumptions Underlying Linear Regression --
Exercises --
Confidence and Prediction Intervals --
Exercises --
More on the Coefficient of Determination --
Exercises --
The Relationships among the Coefficient of Correlation, the Coefficient of Determination, and the Standard Error of Estimate --
Transforming Data --
Exercises --
Chapter Outline --
Pronunciation Key --
Chapter Exercises --
Exercises.com --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
Multiple Regression and Correlation Analysis --
Introduction --
Multiple Regression Analysis --
Inferences in Multiple Linear Regression --
Exercises --
Multiple Standard Error of Estimate --
Assumptions about Multiple Regression and Correlation --
The ANOVA Table --
Exercises --
Evaluating the Regression Equation --
Using a Scatter Diagram --
Correlation Matrix --
Global Test: Testing the Multiple Regression Model --
Evaluating Individual Regression Coefficients --
Qualitative Independent Variables --
Exercises --
Analysis of Residuals --
Chapter Outline --
Pronunciation Key --
Chapter Exercises --
Exercises.com --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
Chi-Square Applications --
Introduction --
Goodness-of-Fit Test: Equal Expected Frequencies --
Exercises --
Goodness-of-Fit Test: Unequal Expected Frequencies --
Limitations of Chi-Square --
Exercises --
Contingency Table Analysis --
Exercises --
Chapter Outline --
Pronunciation Key --
Chapter Exercises --
Exercises.com --
Dataset Exercises --
Software Commands --
Answers to Self-Review --
CD ChaptersStatistical Quality ControlTime Series and ForecastingAppendixesTablesBinomial Probability Distribution --
Critical Values of Chi-Square --
Poisson Distribution --
Areas under the Normal Curve --
Table of Random Numbers --
Student's t Distribution --
Critical Values of the F Distribution --
Wilcoxon T Values --
Factors for Control Charts --
DatasetsReal Estate --
Major League Baseball --
Wages and Wage Earners --
CIA International Economic and Demographic Data --
Whitner Autoplex --
Getting Started with Megastat --
Visual Statistics --
Answers to Odd-Numbered Exercises --
Photo Credits --
Index.